"Atropisomers" Pronounce,Meaning And Examples
"Atropisomers" Natural Recordings by Native Speakers
"Atropisomers" Meaning
Atropisomers are stereoisomers that arise due to restricted rotation around a bond, typically a single bond, in a molecule with an axis of symmetry. These isomers are non-superimposable mirror images of each other and cannot interconvert easily because of the energy barrier associated with the rotation around the constrained bond. The term "atropisomer" comes from the Greek word "atropos," meaning "unturnable." Atropisomers often exhibit different chemical and physical properties, making them important in chemistry and pharmaceuticals where their distinct biological activities can be exploited.
"Atropisomers" Examples
Atropisomers are stereoisomers that arise due to restricted rotation around a single bond, typically in a molecule with an axis of symmetry. Here are five usage examples:
1. Pharmacology: Some drugs exhibit atropisomerism, like the antihistamine cetirizine. The two atropisomers have different biological activities, with one being more pharmacologically active than the other.
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- Cetirizine has two atropisomers, and its therapeutic effects are primarily attributed to one specific form.
2. Chemistry: In the compound binaphthyl, the two phenyl rings are connected by a single bond, allowing for restricted rotation and the formation of atropisomers.
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- The binaphthyl compound exists as two atropisomers due to the hindered rotation between the two aromatic rings.
3. Biochemistry: Atropisomers can play a role in protein-ligand interactions. For instance, certain enzyme inhibitors may have different atropisomers that affect their binding affinity.
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- Enzyme inhibitors with atropisomers can display distinct binding properties, as each isomer may interact differently with the enzyme's active site.
4. Materials Science: In molecular switches, atropisomerism is exploited to control the optical or electronic properties of a material by toggling between isomers.
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- Atropisomer-based molecular switches can be designed to change their functionality by switching between two isomeric states, useful in optoelectronic applications.
5. Spectroscopy: The distinct properties of atropisomers can be observed and analyzed using techniques such as NMR spectroscopy, where each isomer gives a unique signal.
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- Analyzing atropisomers through NMR spectroscopy allows chemists to distinguish between the two forms and study their individual chemical environments.
"Atropisomers" Similar Words
Atropinised
"atropinised" is a term that refers to a condition where a person or an animal has been treated with atropine, a medication used to block the effects of certain nerve agents and to dilate the pupils in the eyes. It can also be used to refer to the state of being under the influence of atropine, which can cause a range of effects such as dry mouth, increased heart rate, and blurred vision. Atropine is an anticholinergic drug, and its use can counteract excessive activity of the parasympathetic nervous system.
Atropinization
Atropinization refers to the state or condition of having achieved a therapeutic level of atropine in the body. Atropine is a medication used to block the effects of certain neurotransmitters, particularly acetylcholine, and is often used in medical treatments, such as treating poisoning by nerve agents or managing certain heart conditions. Atropinization indicates that the patient has received enough atropine to produce the desired clinical effects, such as dilating the pupils, increasing heart rate, and drying secretions. However, it also implies that the patient may be at risk for side effects associated with atropine overdose if the dosage is not carefully monitored.
Atropinize
To "atropinize" means to administer or treat with atropine, a medication derived from certain plants, particularly belladonna. Atropine is used to block the effects of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter, and has various medical applications such as dilating pupils, reducing secretions, and treating certain types of poisoning. The term "atropinize" refers to the process of inducing these effects in a patient through the use of atropine.
Atropinized
"atropinized" refers to a state or condition where a person or animal has been treated with or affected by atropine, a medication used to block the effects of certain nerve agents and to dilate the pupils in the eyes. It can also imply that the individual is experiencing the side effects or characteristics associated with atropine, such as dry mouth, increased heart rate, and blurred near vision.
Atropism
Atropism refers to the lack of orientation or response to a stimulus in a normal direction, typically observed in plants. It is the absence or deviation from the typical growth direction in response to external factors such as light, gravity, or touch. In other words, it is when a plant does not grow or bend towards or away from a stimulus as expected.
Atropisms
Atropisms refer to linguistic errors or peculiarities, particularly in the use of words, where there is a deviation from the standard or correct form. It usually involves incorrect word order, misuse of grammar, or malapropisms. These can be unintentional, as in the case of speech errors made by non-native speakers or individuals learning a language, or intentional, for comedic or rhetorical effect.
Atropisomer
Atropisomer refers to a type of stereoisomer that arises due to restricted rotation around a bond, typically a single bond, in a molecule with an asymmetric arrangement of substituents. This restriction leads to two or more distinct spatial arrangements that cannot be interconverted by simple rotation. The term is derived from "atropos," one of the three Fates in Greek mythology who controlled the thread of life, symbolizing the inability to change the orientation of the substituents. Atropisomers often exhibit different chemical and physical properties because of their distinct conformations.
Atropisomeric
Atropisomeric refers to a type of stereoisomerism where two or more conformations of a molecule are non-superimposable due to restricted rotation around a single bond, usually a carbon-carbon double bond or a hindered single bond. These isomers are called atropisomers, and they exhibit different physical and chemical properties despite having the same connectivity of atoms. The restriction in rotation is often caused by steric hindrance, which prevents free rotation and leads to distinct spatial arrangements.
Atropos
Atropous
Atrous
Atrovent
Atrypa
Atsm
Atsugewi
Atsuko