"Hyperparathyroid" Natural Recordings by Native Speakers
Hyperparathyroidism is a medical condition characterized by abnormal overactivity of the parathyroid glands, which are four small glands located in the neck adjacent to the thyroid gland. The parathyroid glands regulate the levels of calcium in the blood by releasing parathyroid hormone (PTH), which stimulates the release of calcium from bones and increases its absorption from the gut. In hyperparathyroidism, the parathyroid glands produce too much PTH, leading to high levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia) and various symptoms such as kidney stones, bone pain, and osteoporosis.
Hyperosmotic refers to a solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than a surrounding solution, causing water to flow out of the cells. This can lead to cell shrinkage and dehydration. In medical contexts, hyperosmotic solutions are often used to treat conditions such as hyphema (blood in the eye) or to prepare patients for surgery.
Hyperpathia is a neurological disorder characterized by abnormally increased sensitivity to stimulation, particularly touch or pressure. It is often described as an oversensitivity or exaggerated response to stimuli, which can cause a feeling of sharp pain or discomfort.
Hyperphoria is a term used in ophthalmology to describe a type of strabismus, or eye misalignment, where the eye is turned upwards. This is in contrast to esotropia, where the eye is turned inwards, or exotropia, where the eye is turned outwards. In hyperphoria, the affected eye looks upwards, often involuntarily, which can be corrected with eye exercises or strabismus surgery.