"Acylation" Pronounce,Meaning And Examples
"Acylation" Natural Recordings by Native Speakers
"Acylation" Meaning
Acylation refers to a chemical reaction in which an acyl group (consisting of a carbonyl group attached to a hydrocarbon chain) is transferred to a molecule, usually replacing a hydrogen atom on the substrate. This process is common in biochemistry and organic chemistry, and it can lead to the formation of various compounds, such as esters, amides, and acid derivatives. Acylation plays a crucial role in many biological processes, including protein modification and lipid metabolism.
"Acylation" Examples
1. Chemistry: The process of adding an acyl group to a compound is called acylation, as in the reaction where an acid chloride is used to acylate an alcohol, forming an ester.
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- In the synthesis of fragrances, acylation of certain hydrocarbons can yield complex aroma compounds.
2. Biochemistry: Acylation is crucial in lipid metabolism, where fatty acids are covalently attached to glycerol to form triglycerides during fat synthesis.
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- The liver performs acylation of fatty acids to store excess energy in the form of fat droplets.
3. Pharmacology: Some drugs undergo acylation for improved pharmacokinetics, altering their absorption, distribution, or elimination from the body.
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- Penicillin derivatives are often acylated to enhance their stability and effectiveness against bacteria.
4. Gastronomy: In cooking, "acylated" may refer to foods that have undergone acetic acid treatment, like acetylated distilled vinegar.
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- Acylation of wine with oak lactones imparts a distinct flavor and aroma to the final product.
5. Material Science: In polymer chemistry, acylation can be used to modify the properties of polymers, such as increasing their hydrophobicity or introducing functional groups.
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- The surface of a polymer can be acylated to improve its compatibility with non-polar substances in composite materials.
"Acylation" Similar Words
Acyanotic
Acyanotic refers to a condition where there is no bluish discoloration of the skin, lips, or nails, which typically indicates a lack of oxygen in the blood. It suggests that the blood is adequately oxygenated.
Acyclic
"Acyclic" refers to something that is not cyclic or does not form a closed loop. In terms of graphs or networks, it means a structure without any cycles or circular paths. In chemistry, it can describe a compound that lacks a ring-shaped structure. In computer science, acyclic data structures are those without back references or loops, like a directed acyclic graph (DAG).
Acyclovir
Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat infections caused by herpes viruses, such as genital herpes, cold sores, shingles, and chickenpox. It works by stopping the virus from replicating and spreading further in the body.
Acyl
"Acyl" refers to a functional group in chemistry that consists of a carbonyl group (a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom) attached to a hydrocarbon chain. It is often represented by the -CO- prefix in compounds, such as in acetyl (CH3CO-), which is an acyl group derived from acetic acid. Acyl groups are involved in various chemical reactions and are found in many organic compounds, including fatty acids, esters, and amino acids.
Acylase
Acylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of acyl compounds, particularly esters and amides, into their corresponding acids and alcohols or amines. It helps break down certain chemical bonds in proteins and other molecules.
Acylate
To acylate means to add an acyl group to a compound, typically through a chemical reaction. An acyl group is derived from an acid and contains a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to any other atom or group of atoms (such as hydrogen, alkyl, or aryl). The process of acylation can alter the properties of a molecule and is used in various chemical syntheses, including the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and fragrances.
Acylated
"Acylated" refers to a chemical process where a molecule is modified by the addition of an acyl group, which typically consists of a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to any other atom, usually carbon or hydrogen. This can alter the molecule's properties, such as increasing its solubility or changing its reactivity. It's commonly used in biochemistry, where acylation can modify proteins or lipids, impacting their function within cells.
Acylating
"Acylating" refers to a chemical process where an acyl group (a functional group containing a carbonyl carbon atom bonded to another group, typically a hydrocarbon chain) is added to a compound or molecule. This often involves substitution reactions where an acyl compound replaces a hydrogen atom on another molecule, leading to the formation of esters, amides, or other derivatives. The term is commonly used in organic chemistry and biochemistry.
Acylcarnitine
Acylcarnitines
Acylglycerol
Acylium
Acyls
Acyltransferase
Acyrologia
Acyrology